0

Visiting Elders and Impossible Minister Ratios: Differences of the Scottish and American Church

jamaica church My article for the church magazine follows. I tried my best to write a balanced perspective, both pushing a bit on the Church of Scotland and celebrating their many fine aspects. If I’m brave, I’ll write more detailed reflections in the future on each of the article’s three points. An outsider coming in and telling you all your faults is no fun–and not ministry–so one must tread carefully, with humility, always remembering the log in one’s own eye.

 

February Magazine Article

Mrs. Kelley, my high school Latin teacher loved teaching us common English sayings in Latin, I think to show that the Latin language wasn’t quite dead yet. I still remember a few of those sayings: Veritos vos liberabit is from John 8:32, “The truth shall set you free.” Cave canum means “Beware of the dog.” And tempus fugit translates to “Time flies.”

My time at St. Columba so far has allowed me to consider all these phrases. Certainly, the Bible has played a large role, including Jesus’ teachings about truth. Far too many pastoral visits have me dodging a dog–maybe its their instinctual response to another wearing a dog collar. And my time at St. Columba has surely flown by.

Though few of you have asked me anything about my Latin language experience–thank goodness, it’s all a blur–many have asked about my perceptions of the differences in the Church of Scotland and the American Presbyterian church. So I shall take this brief column to note what strike me as the most notable differences. Please take these thoughts in the open and reflective spirit in which they are given. Indeed, neither the Church of Scotland nor the American Presbyterian church has everything figured out, and we all would do well to consider how the Spirit is moving in our own context and beyond.

First, one major difference between our denominations is the duties of elders. In American Presbyterian churches, elders are not assigned a district and therefore do not regularly visit members. Conscientious St. Columba elders will visit those in their district at least quarterly to drop by communion cards, and perhaps a few more times for other purposes. At home, the average size of church sessions is perhaps 20-30 elders, and elders only sit on the session for a few years. They are still charged will similar tasks–to nurture the faith and life of their congregation, to visit, comfort, and support their community of faith–but the American Presbyterian church lacks a tradition of regular visitation.

Second, perhaps the most significant difference in our denominations is the ratio of ministers to members. An American Presbyterian church of similar membership to St. Columba (1400 members) would likely have about five ministers on staff and several other full-time employees. I suppose this drastic difference is mainly due to differences in financial support, but is cultural as well. Americans expect “programs” from their church–organized mission trips, education and evening activities for young people, weekly meals and classes for adults, Sunday school for all ages. Church members in Scotland tend not to carry such expectations. Perhaps, too, one consequence of this difference in ministers to member ratio is the importance of Scottish members helping to support the work of the church as there are fewer full-time staff members.

Third, another striking difference is the Church of Scotland’s parish structure. Many Church of Scotland ministers spend a significant amount of time conducting funerals for those within the bounds of the parish but with no clear connection to the particular kirk. Also, ministers in Scotland have certain duties in the schools. In the States, Presbyterian ministers seldom conduct funerals for those unconnected to a particular church, and the idea of a minister teaching in a school is mind-boggling, so strong is our cultural prescription for “the separation of church and state.” So Scottish ministers have more clear and consistent contact with a specific geographical area while American ministers are more like free-range meat, working over a fairly large area.

I could go on, as I’m fascinated by these differences and their corollaries. Do American churches rely too much on ministers? In America, what does it say when someone moving to a new town may not find a Presbyterian church within fifty miles? Should the Church of Scotland–as was suggested in February’s edition of Life and Work–consider steps to train elders to conduct parish funerals? Does the American penchant for church programs overshadow more pressing needs outwith the church? Should any Church of Scotland congregation, or American congregation for that matter, have multiple ministers while rural parishes struggle to call even one?

These, and many others, are the questions the Scottish and American Presbyterian churches face. I pray that we may all move forward, seeking Christ’s will, being guided by the Holy Spirit, and praising God in all we say and do. Or as Mrs. Kelley would say, Ad maiorem dei gloriam, “For the greater glory of God.”

EmailShare
  1. Stushie says:

    You really have learned the Scottish system very well, Adam. Scottish pastors are community shepherds. American ministers are chaplains to their congregations. I am always struggling with this over here.

    God bless you.

  2. Adam,

    This is one of my favorites things you’ve done. Very nice and thoughtful. And so carefully done. Fascinating the differences on the other side of the Atlantic. Whether you are looking east or west.

  3. As an Episcopalian, I ask about the extent of Calvinism that is taught in the Kirk as compared to USA Presbvyterian Churches.

    Why are American Presbyterians Presbyterian?

  4. Great questions, Harry.

    The first is easier: in my very limited experience in Scotland, doctrine is taught (or preached) that has its roots in Calvin, but Calvin is not clearly quoted, addressed, expounded upon very regularly. I hasten to add I have a limited experience.

    Comparing that to the US is very difficult, because the nature of the PC(USA) invites a broad range of preaching and teaching. That said, I might posit that more at home would be used to hearing “Calvin says” or “according to Calvin” more often than Scots. That’s more guess than anything.

    Regarding, “Why are American Presbyterians Presbyterian” I don’t have the time to answer right now. Basically because of some adherence to and growth from the Reformed Tradition, perhaps beginning with Calvin, emphasizing the Bible, Presbyterian in polity, and more. The Presbyterian Church has always been reticent to define the Reformed “essential tenets of faith” and won’t do so now.

  5. Brant says:

    Good observations. I’d say you’re a little generous with your minister-to-member ratio. Most 1400 member churches don’t have as many as five ministers. Perhaps three on average, but many don’t have that. Also I do lead quite a few funerals for folks not formally members of the congregation. Just another perspective.

  6. Yep, since Church of Scotland congregations don’t have Christian Educators I combined them with “ministers” for my ratio estimation.

    Sure, PC(USA) pastors–or some at least–will lead a fair number of non-member funerals. It’s required by the denomination here, however, so there is a subtle difference.

    Thanks for the word.